Antireversing pump head



Nm, 25, 1924. i

F. H, PALMER ANTIREVERS I NG PUMP HEAD Filed Feb. 5 1921 j PatentedNov.Z5, 1924.

FENN H. PALMER, or yLos ANGELEs, CALIFORNIA AN'rmEvnnsme Pour nnen.

elipucauonmeq rebmary 5,- 1921. serial m. 442,866.

. To all whom t may concern: A

Be" it known that I, ,FENN H. .PALMER a citizenof the United States,residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State ofCalifornia, have invented a new and useful Antireversing Pump Head, ofwhich the f ollonvingns a specification.

This invention is applicable to the pump heads of various formsof pumpshaving revolvin blades such as propeller'pumps and centri gal pumps. Y.

It is customary -to run pumpsofthis character b electric motors and gasengines, and t e power is applied to a pulley propeller shaft ofthepump. .Said shaft 1s usually constructed of separate pieces rconnectedtogether by screw threaded joints, and if-the pulley is turned backward,the joints will be unscrewed thus uncoupling the shaft, andtherebycausing much inconvenience andV loss of life and sometimesserious breakage. It frequently occurs where a belt is twisted betweenthe `motor and pump pulleys thatfa Workman in vapplying the belt'willput it on wrong so that when-the 'motor'starts, the 'shaft 1s at oncedisjointed. y

Where 'the power is applied to the belt by an electric motor, ifa-thecurrent is turned off from the motor while there is water in vthe pumptubing, the weight of the 4water on the propeller blades will cause theshaft to reverse, and this will drive the armature.

of the motor "backward with thev result that n when vthe water has runout at the bottom of the pump tubing, the momentum of the motor armaturedrives the belt backward and will uncouple the shaft.

In some instances water is pumped to a considerable heightv by' ropellerpumps; and in one instance for il ustration, the Waterin a nine-inchpump tubing was lifted sixty-five feet above the surface of the -groundand discharged into al tank. The

Bythe application ofthis invention re- `Verslng and uncoupling of theshaft from such causes has been made impossible.Y

An object of the invention is to provide a pump head with anti-reversingmechanism which -will be noiseless and not subject to wear during theoperation of the pump.

.The invention is broadly new,basic and pioneer in that. the pulley isprovided with anti-reversing mechanism adapted to engage a stationarystop when the pulley is not running forward. y

It is also pioneer in that a stationary ratchet isremployed inconnection with a revolving part of the pumping mechanism and meansrevolvable with the revolving part are provided to en agement to preventreverse movement of t e impeller of the pump, and is adapted to bethrown out of engagement by`centrifugal force during operating speed ofthe impeller. The invention is a plicable with any type of rotaimpeller; ut illustration of the application to one type will besuilicient for a clear understanding of the invention.

Further objects, advantages and features of. invention may` appear fromthe accompanying drawing, the Subjoined detail description and theappended claims.

The accompanying drawing illustrates the invention. y

Figure l is a fragmental sectional elevation of a pumpf' headconstructed in accordance with this invention while the pulley is Iatrest. l

fFig. 2 is a section on line wvlooking up, the antireversing v`meansbeing shown engaged with the stationary ratchet.

Fig. 3 is a Aview analogous to Fig. 2 show- -I ing position of beingoperated.l

Fig. 4 is a erspective view of`one of the awls detacllied.`

T e pillar or post 1 is stationary and provided with a stationaryratchet wheel 2 which is xed as indicated by screws S, to the top ofsaid pillar. The pump shaft 3 is journalled byI the hub 4 to revolvewithin the pillar 1, and is provided with a lateral projection'which isshown as a flange 5 to which the web 6 of the pulley 7 is fixed by capscrews 8.v They ratchet engaging means are in the formof pawls 9lpivoted to the pulley web 6 by pins 10 w ich are securely xed to saidweb 6, each pivot being thus fixed to and revolving with the parts whilethe pump'is shaft. Said pawls are normally heldin ratchet engagingposition by resilient means infthe form of springs 1l reacting on theposts 12 to hold the pawls in the notches of the stationary ratchet 2.-

The springs 11 are of sufficient strength to hold the pawls 9 inengagement with the ratchet wheel 2 when the pawls are left free to beoperated by the springs; but. the pawls are of sufficient weight toallow the centrifugal force set up therein by revolution of the pulleyto throw the pawls out of engagement with the ratchet wheel.

ln practice l find that with pawls weighing about l2 ounces and beingset with a pivoting pin at a radial distance of' four inches from thecenter of revolution, the operation of the pulley at 150 revolutions perminute will disengage the pawls from the ratchet.

.l do not limit the construction to any particular form of dimensions asit is obvious, that when the principle is applied,

the practical operation is very simple.

In Fig. 3 the belt 13 represents the power acting through the pulley 7,web 6 and web l to drive the shaft 3.

When -the motor is started driving the belt 13 in the direction of thearrow in Fig. 3, the pawls are thrown out with centrifugal force intothe position shown in Fig. 3,' and are free from the ratchet. -When thespeed is reduced below that to which the springs are adapted, the pawlsare returned to engagement by said springs.

By extending the pawls from the pivots l0 in a direction reverse to thedirection of rotation, the action of centrifugalforce to free the pawlsfrom the ratchet is more directly effective.

I claim.:

1. The combination with a pulley mounted to revolve; of a stationaryratchet within i the periphery of said pulley,` and centrifugallyreleased ratchet engaging means carried by the pulley and Yadapted ,tobe released from the ratchet by centrifugal force set up by revolutionof the pulley; and yielding' means to hold the ratchet engaging means inengagement with the ratchet when the pulley is at rest.

2. The combination with a 'pump head, of a shaft mounted to revolve; apulley fixed te the shaft and adapted to revolve the same; a stationaryratchet; and pawls carried by the pulley and adapted to engage theratchet to prevent revolution of the pulley in one direction; said pawlsbeing adapted to be thrown out of engageu ment with said ratchet whenthe pulley is revolved at o Arating speed.

3. The combination with a pump head', of a shaft mounted to revolve;pulley wiener xed to the shaft and adapted to revolve the same; astationary ratchet; means revolvin with the shaft andadapted to engage te ratchet to prevent revolution of the pulley in one direction; saidmeans being adapted to be thrown out of engagement withsaid ratchetwhen' the shaft is revolved at operating speed.

et. The combination in a pump having a revolving impeller, of means torevolve the impeller, and means arranged to normal engagement to preventreverse movement of the impeller, and adapted to be thrown out of suchengagement by centrifugal force at a predetermined speed of theimpeller.

5. The combination with a rotar or centrifugal pump, a vertical drive saft and means for driving the shaft, of means for preventing thebackward movement of the shaft comprising a clutch member which isautomatically maintained out of operative engagement when the pump shaftis rotated forwardly, but which'automatically moves to clutchingposition to prevent the backward rotation of the shaft whenV the forwardmovement of the shaft is stopped.

t. The combination with a shaft,` of

means to revolve the shaftya pawl pivotv connected to and revolving withthe shaft; a pawl on said pivot; resilient'means adapted to move thefree end of the pawl toward the center of revolution; and a stationaryratchet wheel arranged to be engaged byv the pawl upon its approach.toward the center of revolution, said free end of the pawl being thrownout from said stationary ratchet and released therefrom -by centrifugalforce as the shaft speeds up.

7, The combination with a shaft, of means to revolve the shaft; a pawlpivot connected to and revolving with the shaft; a pawl on said pivotand having its free end extending reverse to the direction of rotationof the shaft; resilient means adapted to move the free lend of the pawltoward the center of revolution; and a stationary ratchet wheel arrangedto be engaged by the pawl upon its approach toward the center ofrevolution, said free end of the pawl being thrown out from saidstationary ratchet and released therefrom by centrifugal force as theshaft speeds up.

8. In a rotary pump a vertical line shaft, a housing therefor, and aratchet secured to the housing, in combination with a centrifugal pawlmounted on theline shaft and adapted to swing into contact and out ofeentact with the ratchet according as the line shaft stops or rotates.

Y ln testimony whereof, ll have hereunto set my lhand at lios Angeles,California, this 24th day of December, 1920.

' FElilN if. PALMER.

